统计与数据科学学院知识库

随着我国基本公共服务体系的不断健全完善，基本公共服务的均等化水平和供给保障能力也得到了全面提升，人民群众对我国基本公共服务的诉求已从过去的“有机会享有”逐渐转向“更优质享有”。在高质量发展阶段的新形势下，基本公共服务的功能也从“民生兜底”逐渐转向“优质生活”，目标也从“人人平等享有”逐渐转向“人人优质共享”。基本公共服务的发展事关人民群众的切身利益，直接影响人民群众的获得感和心理幸福指数，因此推动基本公共服务高质量发展对于促进我国经济社会发展、维护社会公平正义、提高人民群众生活品质、实现共同富裕等方面都具有重要意义。

本文从文化服务、教育服务、社会保障、公共设施、交通设施、环境保护、医疗服务、电信服务、科技服务等九个维度构建全国31个省、自治区、直辖市2008—2022年的基本公共服务高质量发展的评价指标体系，利用熵权TOPSIS法测度了各省基本公共服务高质量发展水平。在此基础上，使用探索性空间数据分析、核密度估计法、Dagum基尼系数分解法、σ收敛模型和β 收敛模型对全国、四大区域以及八大经济区基本公共服务高质量发展水平的时空演变、区域差异、收敛性展开研究。

研究结果表明：我国基本公共服务的高质量发展水平正在稳步提升，但与此同时，也呈现出明显的地区性差异。这种差异主要源于不同区域间的发展差异，整体上表现为东部地区领先于中西东北部地区，沿海地区领先于内陆地区，经济发达地区领先于经济落后地区。我国基本公共服务高质量发展未呈现显著σ收敛趋势，符合β 收敛机制，基本公共服务高质量发展将会实现区域平稳状态。因此在今后发展中政府应增加对落后地区的财政支持，也需注意地区均衡发展。

With the continuous improvement of China's basic public service system, the equalization level and supply guarantee capacity of basic public services have also been comprehensively improved. The people's demand for basic public services in China has gradually shifted from "having the opportunity to enjoy" in the past to "enjoying higher quality.". In the new situation of high-quality development stage, the function of basic public services has gradually shifted from "ensuring people's livelihoods" to "high-quality life", and the goal has also gradually shifted from "equal access for all" to "high-quality sharing for all". The development of basic public services is related to the vital interests of the people, directly affecting their sense of achievement and psychological well-being index. Therefore, promoting the high-quality development of basic public services is of great significance for promoting China's economic and social development, maintaining social fairness and justice, improving the quality of life of the people, and achieving common prosperity.

This article constructs an evaluation index system for the high-quality development of basic public services in 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities across the country from 2008 to 2022, covering nine dimensions including cultural services, education services, social security, public facilities, transportation facilities, environmental protection, medical services, telecommunications services, and technological services. The entropy weight TOPSIS method is used to measure the high-quality development level of basic public services in each province. On this basis, exploratory spatial data analysis, kernel density estimation method, Dagum Gini coefficient decomposition method σ-convergence model and β-convergence model conducts research on the spatiotemporal evolution, regional differences, and convergence of the high-quality development level of basic public services across the country, four major regions, and eight major economic zones.

The research results indicate that the high-quality development level of basic public services in China has steadily improved, but there are also significant regional differences. This difference mainly stems from the development differences between different regions, with the overall performance of the eastern region leading the central and western regions and the northeast region, the coastal region leading the inland region, and the economically developed region leading the economically backward region. There has not been significant progress in the high-quality development of basic public services in China σ-convergence trend, high-quality development of basic public services in line with β-convergence mechanism and high-quality development will achieve regional stability. Therefore, in future development, the government should increase financial support for underdeveloped areas, while also paying attention to regional balanced development.