统计与数据科学学院知识库

改革开放以来，我国经济发展取得了开创性成就，与此同时，环境污染恶劣 和资源短缺枯竭等问题也愈发凸显，这对我国社会经济的可持续发展产生了极为 不利的影响，传统粗放型的经济增长方式亟需优化，在此现状下，提升绿色经济 效率，统筹经济与环境资源的良好关系已然成为经济研究的关键问题和热点问题。 绿色经济效率更能科学的衡量一个地区的经济发展状况和可持续发展潜力。因此， 本文旨在研究我国各省份绿色经济效率的时空演进及其驱动因素，进而为把握我 国地区经济和生态平衡的走势、转变经济发展方式、促进我国各地区节约资源、 保护环境和经济绿色化发展提供一定的价值参考。 首先，文章多维度构建绿色经济效率的指标体系，并运用超效率SBM模型 进行测度，然后对测度结果进行综合评价，从时间序列变化和空间分布特点两个 角度展开评价。其次，运用Dagum基尼系数及其分解法、马尔科夫转移矩阵法、 Arcgis 可视化分析、α收敛和β收敛等，对我国绿色经济效率进行区域差距、动 态演进和收敛性研究，具体剖析东、中、西和东北四大地区绿色经济效率的发展 现状和演进趋势。再次，根据我国绿色经济效率的时空演进特征，进一步深入研 究影响绿色经济效率的驱动因素，使用基准回归对绿色经济效率的各驱动因素进 行综合分析，在此基础上，纳入时间因素和空间因素，采用时空地理加权回归 （GTWR）对绿色经济效率的各驱动因素进行个体分析，摸清理论机制，探析内 在机理。最后，提出相应的对策建议。

（1）测度评价结果表明，第一，我国绿色经济效率逐年提升，绝大部分省 份的绿色经济效率属于稳定型和波动上升型。第二，我国绿色经济效率存在空间 溢出效应，且空间正向关联性逐步加强。（2）时空演进结果表明，第一，我国 绿色经济效率的总体区域差距有缩小趋势，差距主要来源于区域间差距。第二， 我国绿色经济效率呈现两极分化现象，各区域分布呈现显著差异。绿色经济效率 不同水平层次较稳定，存在“俱乐部趋同”现象，难以实现“跳跃式”转移，要 注意等级下降风险。第三，东部和西部地区绿色经济效率存在α收敛；中部和西 部地区存在绝对β收敛，东部地区加入双固定效应后，存在绝对β收敛，东北地区不存在绝对β收敛；我国除东北地区外都存在条件β收敛，其中，收敛速度最 快的是西部地区，最慢的是东部地区。（3）驱动因素研究结果表明，第一，全 国范围来看，人力资本水平和人口规模水平会明显抑制本地区绿色经济效率的提 升，经济发展水平、产业结构水平和工业发展水平会显著促进绿色经济效率的发 展。第二，与全国范围相比，由于地区经济、环境、地理等方面的差异，各区域 绿色经济效率的驱动因素也存在一定的侧重和差异。

基于实证研究，本文从贯彻绿色经济理念、优化产业结构升级、协调匹配人 力资源、坚持区域协调发展、注重因地制宜发展等方面提出促进我国绿色经济效 率提升的对策。

Since the reform and opening up, China's economic development has made pioneering achievements, at the same time, the problems of environmental pollution and resource depletion are becoming more and more serious, which have a negative impact on the sustainable development of our social economy, under this present situation, promotes the green economy efficiency, as a whole, the good relationship between economy and environmental resources has become a key and hot issue in economic research. Green economy efficiency can more scientifically measure a region's economic development status and sustainable development potential. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to explore the spatio-temporal evolution of green economic efficiency in each province of our country and its driving factors, this will provide valuable reference for grasping the trend of the regional economy and balance of nature, transform the mode of economic development to promote the conservation of resources, environmental protection and the development of green economy in all regions of China.

Firstly, the paper constructs the green economic efficiency by selecting the index of multi-dimensions and measures it with super-efficiency SBM model, then the measure results are evaluated synthetically and evaluated concretely from time series and spatial distribution characteristics. Secondly, using Gini coefficient and its decomposition method, Markoff transition matrix method, Arcgis visualization analysis, α convergence and β convergence, this paper studies the regional gap, dynamic evolution and convergence trend of green economic efficiency in China, and analyzes the actual situation and evolution trend of four regions. Thirdly, according to the spatio-temporal characteristics of green economic efficiency in our country, we further study the driving factors of green economic efficiency, and use benchmark regression to analyze the driving factors of green economic efficiency, on this basis, the time and space factors are added, and the driving factors of green economy efficiency are studied by the time and space weighted regression model (GTWR) , to find out the theoretical mechanism and to explore the internal mechanism. At last, according to the research results, some effective countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.

The measurement and evaluation results show that, firstly, the green economic efficiency of our country is increasing year by year, and most of the provinces are in the stable and fluctuating increasing pattern. Secondly, there is spatial spillover effect in our country's green economy efficiency, and the spatial positive correlation is also increasing gradually. The results of space-time evolution show that, firstly, the overall regional gap of green economy efficiency in China has a tendency to decrease, and the gap mainly comes from the regional gap. Secondly, the green economy efficiency of our country presents the phenomenon of polarization, and the dynamic distribution of each region presents the remarkable difference. The efficiency of green economy is relatively stable among different grades, there is“Club convergence” phenomenon, it is difficult to achieve“Leaping” transfer, attention should be paid to the risk of grade decline. Thirdly, the green economic efficiency in the eastern and western regions has α convergence, the absolute β convergence exists in the central and western regions, The absolute β convergence exists in the eastern region, but not in the northeast region. In addition to the northeast region, conditional β convergence exists in every region. The convergence speed is fastest in the western region and slowest in the eastern region. According to the results, firstly, the level of human capital and the scale of population will obviously restrain the improvement of green economy efficiency in the whole country, economic Development, industrial structure and industrial development can promote the development of green economy efficiency. Secondly, compared with the national scale, because of regional economic, environmental, geographical differences, the driving factors of green economy efficiency in different regions also exist certain emphasis and differences.

Based on empirical research, this paper puts forward the countermeasures to promote the efficiency of green economy in China from the following aspects: carrying out the concept of green economy, optimizing the upgrading of industrial structure, coordinating the matching of human resources, insisting on the coordinated development of regions and paying attention to the development in accordance with local conditions.