金融学院知识库

随着科技的快速发展，数字技术深入各行各业，金融业也不例外。数字金融是数字技术与金融业融合的产物。近些年，我国数字金融发展突飞猛进，在第三方支付、互联网理财和数字货币等领域，取得了较大的成功，业务的发展水平位居世界前列，我国数字金融也逐渐成为该领域的领跑者。数字金融的快速发展，提升了金融业的服务效率，改善了经营模式，已然成为我国金融业未来的发展方向，商业银行也积极引入数字技术，通过技术水平改善业务模式。但同时数字金融企业的崛起也给我国金融业带来了冲击，动摇了商业银行的核心地位,也对我国股份制商业银行的发展产生了影响。因此当下数字金融和股份制银行经营绩效能否均衡发展，是我国银行业重点关注的问题。

本文以我国12家股份制银行为研究对象，选取其2012年-2021年面板数据，将数字金融、信贷结构与股份制商业银行经营绩效纳入同一分析框架，并采用中介效应模型实证检验了信贷结构的中介效应。并得出以下结论：一是数字金融发展对我国商业银行经营绩效带来了负面影响，降低了股份制银行的经营绩效；二是数字金融发展加剧了银行竞争，推动银行采取冒险行动进行信贷扩张，最终导致信用贷款占比、个人贷款占比增加；三是数字金融会通过提高信贷信用结构占比来抑制商业银行经营绩效。四信贷客户结构在数字金融抑制股份制银行经营绩效的关系中发挥中介作用，但表现为遮掩效应。最后根据本文得出的结论提出了一些建议：股份制银行要加强自身创新能力，开发新的利润增长点。优化股份制银行的信贷结构。加大金融监管力度，完善监管体系。同时要重视人才培养，完善人才体系。

With the rapid development of science and technology, digital technology has penetrated into all walks of life, and the financial industry is no exception. Digital finance is the product of the integration of digital technology and financial industry. In recent years, China's digital finance has developed rapidly, and has achieved great success in the fields of third-party payment, Internet banking and digital currency, and its business development level ranks among the forefront of the world, and China's digital finance has gradually become a leader in this field. The rapid development of digital finance has enhanced the service efficiency of the financial industry and improved the business model, which has become the future development direction of China's financial industry. Commercial banks have also actively introduced digital technology to improve their business model through technical level. But at the same time, the rise of digital financial enterprises has also brought impact to China's financial industry, shaken the core position of commercial banks, and also had an impact on the development of joint-stock commercial banks in China. Therefore, whether the current digital finance and joint-stock bank operating performance can develop in a balanced way is a key concern of China's banking industry.

This paper takes 12 joint-stock banks in China as the research object, selects their panel data from 2012 to 2021, integrates digital finance, credit structure and business performance of joint-stock banks into the same analytical framework, and empirically tests the intermediation effect of credit structure by using the intermediation effect model. The following conclusions are drawn: First, the development of digital finance has a negative impact on the operating performance of China's commercial banks, reducing the operating performance of joint-stock banks; Second, the development of digital finance intensifies the competition of banks, pushing banks to take risky actions to expand credit, and eventually leading to an increase in the proportion of credit loans and personal loans; Third, digital finance will inhibit the operating performance of commercial banks by increasing the proportion of credit structure. Fourth, the credit customer structure plays an intermediary role in the relationship between digital finance and joint-stock banks' operating performance, but it shows a masking effect. Finally, according to the conclusion of this paper, some suggestions are put forward: joint-stock banks should strengthen their own innovation ability and develop new profit growth points. Optimize the credit structure of joint-stock banks. We will intensify financial supervision and improve the regulatory system. At the same time, we should pay attention to personnel training and improve the talent system.