国际经济与贸易学院知识库

  在 “十四五”构建的“以国内大循环为主体，国内国际双循环相互促进”的发展框架下，中国致力于推动全方位、深层次和高质量的经济开放模式。数字贸易作为其中的关键环节，将成为助推中国贸易增长的强大动力。而中国提出的“一带一路”倡议旨在促进中国与沿线国家的经贸合作和共同发展，因此未来数字贸易必将成为重要的合作领域，这不仅为“一带一路”国家提供了新的发展平台，也为中国数字贸易发展带来了新的机遇与拓展空间。“设施联通”作为“一带一路”倡议中“五通”的重要基础和支撑，是指不同国家、区域之间交通、通信、能源、公共服务等基础设施的互联互通，是数字贸易发展中必不可少的环节。并且在全球数字经济发展的背景下，中国作为数字贸易大国，贸易总出口中数字贸易出口的占比逐年上升，因此加快推动数字贸易出口，对于中国经贸发展具有重要意义。但由于中国数字贸易出口也刚刚起步，并且“一带一路”国家基础设施发展不平衡、设施联通差异较大，制约了中国的数字贸易出口发展，因此为了更深入研究设施联通对中国数字贸易出口的影响程度，以及未来可以从哪些方向和途径着手来改善中国与沿线国家的设施联通水平，提升设施联通效果，从而有效推动中国对“一带一路”国家的数字贸易出口规模，本文通过理论分析和实证模型对上述问题进行研究，为推动中国数字贸易的发展提供理论基础。

  本文从中国对“一带一路” 53个沿线国家的数字贸易出口规模、出口商品结构等现状出发，在梳理国内外相关文献的基础上，以交易成本理论、区域经济一体化理论为研究依据，构建设施联通水平评价体系，引入扩展的引力模型进行实证分析，得出设施联通会对数字贸易出口产生显著正向影响的结论，且对于基础设施水平较高的国家，其正向促进作用更为显著；交通基础设施、通信基础设施、能源基础设施、公共服务基础设施作为设施联通的主要指标，对数字贸易出口均有促进作用，其中通信基础设施的促进作用最为显著。基于本文的研究结论，最后提出了加强中国与“一带一路”国家数字贸易出口合作、促进沿线各国基础设施联通、深化基础设施合作机制、推动中国数字产业发展等措施建议。

      In the "14th Five-Year Plan", China championed a model of economic openness comprehensive, deep and high-quality within a framework promoting domestic over international circulation. Digital commerce, as an instrumental part, will serve as a significant driver in augmenting Chinese trade growth. The "Belt and Road Initiative," proposed by China, promotes trade collaborations and joint development among countries along its route. Consequently, digital trade will emerge as pivotal area for collaboration, offering new growth opportunities not only to "Belt and Road Initiative" nations but also to China's own digital commerce industry. "Infrastructure connections", as integral to "One Belt, One Road Initiatives’s five key components, represent connectivity in essential infrastructure like transportation, communication, energy, social services etc., across various geopolitical entities.In light of global digital evolution, China as a leading participant in digital trade, has seen an escalating proportion of such exports within total trade. Thus, boosting these electronic exports holds immense potential for China's economic progress.In the context of the global digitization economy, as a significant digital trade player, China's digital trade exports have grown yearly, making further digital trade export promotion crucial to China's economic development. However, the nascent state of digital trade exports from China and infrastructure disparities amongst "Belt and Road Initiative" countries impose challenging facilitative constraints on its digital trade export development.To elucidate the extent of facility connectivity's impact on China's digital trade exports and explore potential strategic directions and tactics to amplify the level of infrastructure interconnectivity between China and its neighbors, thus augmenting facility connectivity's outcomes and amplifying China's digital trade stature in "The Belt and Road" nations, this paper deliberates these issues through theoretical analysis and empirical models, providing a theoretical underpinning for China's digital trade development.

      This article examines China's digital trade exports and product composition to the "One Belt, One Road Initiative" (OBOR) 53 countries, utilizing theories such as transaction cost theory and regional economic integration theory. It then creates an evaluation system for facility connectivity, employs a validated empirical Extended Gravity Model, and deduces that facility connectivity is positively correlated with digital trade export performance with a stronger correlation in high-infrastructure countries. The main factors influencing digital trade export through facility connectivity are transportation infrastructure, communication infrastructure, energy infrastructure, and public service infrastructure. Significantly, communication infrastructure emerges as the single most influential factor. Based on the above findings, this paper proposes initiatives to enhance China's digital trade export collaboration with "Belt and Road Initiative" nations, facilitate connectivity among countries along the route, increase infrastructure cooperation mechanisms, and stimulate the development of China's digital industry.